Calculating-machine.



J. C. MULELAND.

GALGULATING MACHINE. APPLIUATION FILED MAB. 1, 1906. RENEWED SEPT. 14.1908.

JNI/ENTOR. 'WL" J. C. MCLELAND. GALGULATING MAGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1, 1906. RENBWED SEPT. 14,1908.

918,766. Patented Apr.20,1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NI/ENTOR.

I/I/ITNESSESx YJ'FM/ IAL/EY.

J. C.' MCLBLAND.

y GALGULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.1, 1906. BENEWED EEET. 14, 1908. 918,766.

" Patented Apr. 2o, 1909;

3 SHEETvS-SHBET 3.

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, UNITEDSTATES PATENT D13-FICE, 'A

JOHN o. MCLELAND, or CLEVELAND, ionic.

cALcULATING-Maomnn.

" lNa 918,766.

To all 'whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN C. MCLELAND, a citizen'of the United States, and resident of -Cleveland, county of Quyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and usefulIm provement' in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention bein herein explained and thebest mode in whic I have contemplated ap lying that principle, so as to ldistinguish i't rom other inventions.

My invention relates to mechanical de` vices for performing the processes of addi- .tion and -multiplication, and particularly to that class ofsuch devicesin which printin means for recording the figures are omitte 'lhe object of said invention is to provide a 'device ofthe above-mentioned class which by virtue of its construction will be coinparatively inexpensive cost of manuy acture as Well as simple in operation.

AThe said invention consists of means hereinafter fully described and .particularly set forth in the claims.`

A25- The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, such d is- Y closed means constituting but one of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the inventionmay be used..

In said annexed drawings: Figures I,II

and III 'represent ,longitudinal vertical sections all taken u "on the'sam'e plane I-L indicated in Fig. lV, the latter figure re resenting aV plan of the device with the inc osing to casii'g removed'. The said Figs.' I,

II-'aii IILshow the parts o`i`I the mechanism' in itl"iiafi"dillerent positions, vcorresponding with three different stages in its operation.4 40 Figs.V V and VI represent detail vertical ""longitudinal broken sections of the calculating wheel v,mechanism viewed tions 'indicated by the arrows, taken upon the`planes indicated by lines 5v5 and 6-6,.

' I V'. Figs. VII, -IIIv d'IX represen-t Vdetail vertical longitudinal sections with I parts broken away, taken u on the plane indicated by line 7-7, in the direction indicate by the arrows. 5'0 Fig.4 X represents a vertical transverse section of a 'portion of the calculating mechanism taken upon the plane indicat 10-10, Fig. IV. Fig. Xi represents ;a detail transverse section 'as viewed 'in a slightly ist 'scale taken nplon 'theie ind-1- lt/ed yline-ll-jll'lig Fig.

1 fully explained.'

' respective bars.. Each suc in the direcr V and viewed' by uns i repre- Speeilcation of Lettera Patent. .Patented A,pzil'O, 19.09e appiieaaoiiniea umh 1, 190s, semi No.' 303,580.' Renewed september 1.4, im. sami aio. 455,012.

sents an end elevation of a 'portion of4 the wheel mechanism viewed the direction indicated by arrow I; and XIII represents a plan view of'a art of the device 60 viewed in the direction in icated by arrow y,Fig.I. 5

Upon a suitable rectanguliiirfranie A. are mounted a plurality of lof itudinally recip. rocable arallel actuating.- ars B each `con 65 sist'iner o -a key-holding portion b and a rack 'b'. he key-holding'portion b com-prises two members, an up er-ilat bar b and a similar lower flat bar s, Fig. XI, secured to each other by means of se arators b" and .70 l

adapted to run in 'suitab e slideways a formed -in the frame. At the frontend of each such key holding portion is'mounted a 'vertical piece b5, upon the front face of which,- in turn, is .secured the rack-bar Ii which forms the -forward part of the actuating bar B and whosefunction will be hereinafter Reciprocation of the bars B 'is rendered easy by providing eachkeyf' holding portion b' thereof withant'i-friction 80 rollers b4- adapted to run in the slideways' a, above mentioned, and by mounting in the forward part of the'franie other anti-friction rollers b upon which the rack-portion b of such 'bar rests.

Mounted upon the key-holding portion b v of each actuating-bai' B; is a seriesof nine keys C, consecutively ynumbered from one-to nine in the direction ofreci rocation of their key is mounted 9o a contactnilinber c and a downwardl extending shahk or stud-portion c' j, Fig. I. Springs cz ninfrnallr as'shown', being formed with maintain` the keys in the osition in which the lower' ends of the shan s c 95 do notiXproject below the lower plane of the actuatingv bars, as shown in Fig. I It will be evident,'however, that by manually de.- pressingthe keys, such Shanks may be made to. project downwardly from thefs'everal acloe tuatfiig-barsint various points longitudinally there depending uponwhich key is operv ated. When ith'us depressed"- aii'y key 'is ada ted -to Vlimit-the forward reciprocating stro eof #hebaiin-which it is mounted by v virtue of Vits engagement with astop-'bar disposed transversely ofthe Vframe and intersecting the pa li of movement o f thev lower` stud ons of the keys. Keys C are no t` only a a' ted to thus limit the 'forward iic .stroke of the' "rebut they also serve as the means wherebysuch 'bar's are actuated; in

other words. the depression of any keyfwith the eect ju'st described is merely incidental to the pushing' of the same forward together with the particular bar in which such keyis mounted. In order to render this double voperation ofthe keys easy, each is formed-V wlth a hlgh front as ap eais inFigs. I, II,

and III, wherebyr a sing e movement of the finger accomplishes the full actuationof the correspondin mechanism. Actuating bals B are normal y retained in the forward' position shown in Fig. I, and, when in any other osition, are immediately upon being reeased retracted -to such normal position by means of tension, s rings a attached in the rear to the frame and in the front to the lower ends of vertical pieces?)5 of the' keyholding portions b of the bars. Each rack-barb engages a gear D forming one `of the members oia series of calculating mechanisms which 'I shall now proceed to describe. One such calculating mechanism is provided in connectionwith each reciprocatory bar B, there being as manymbarsand.

corresponding calculatingwinechanisms as there are orders or denominations in the largest number which the device is designed to register. Furthermore a carrying mechanism is provided intermediate of each calculating mechanism whereby tens are carried from one denomination to the next higher. f

lItach gear D above mentioned isrotatably mounted upon a bearing pin A mounted in a standard A2 fixed to afl-ame. In-addition to this gear each calculating mechanism includes a number-Wheel D independently mounted upon the same pin A as the gear but ada ted to be connected with such gear so as to he rotated thereby upon the forward stroke of the corresponding actuating-bar B. This connection is effected through a ratchet 'wheel d secured to, or forming. part of, the number wheel,- Fig.. VI, and a pawl d' on the adjacent face of gear wheelDada ted to be actuated by a s ring d2 to eilect e desired engagement. uring they rearward stroke of actuating bar B, the number-wheel D is locked in place by a pawl a* mounted u on a V'standard as formin part of the fixed' rame portion of themac e. This pawl engages notches, d formed in the eriphery of'the number wheel as shown. otatably mounted upon a stud d1 supported. by a 'standard a,5 is a spur-wheel D so disposed as-to cause its teeth to be engaged by two ins dmounted on the face of number-Whse D' and serv ing las successive gear teeth. The ement is such that eve complete revolution the corresponding spur-wheel D throu h communicated to a. ca'xnwheel D arc of ninety"degreee.-- Suchrotation i l mounted upon a, sleeve d with which a spuswheunfis provided, sach cam-when -rame A adjacent t creto.

of a number-wheel w' effect the rotationofis formed four camj portions d d and is provxdedon itsj outel'ace with'fou'r'anguarly equidistanmstuds d6.' The purpose of ,the cams (Z7 will appear later; the studs d are adapted to engage the notchesdjef the 'number-wheel of the calculatingmechanism of the next higher denomination, Figs. IV and X, whereby a one-tenth revolution of -such number-wheelis roduced u on everyr quarter turn of cam `w eelD3. T e several mechanical devices just described, vby means of which motion is' transmitted from one calculating mechanism to the next higher, I shallterm the carrying mechanism.

In order to prevent the number wheels from being carriedA around by theircwn.

momentum after the"` completion of Athe operating stroke of the rack-'benly provide meansv for locking saidwheels against such continued movement at the proper time.` To this end a lockingawl E is provided for each number-wheel which is ada ted to engage the notches di and is provi ed with an :extension e. This pawl is normallyA held out of' "engagement with the number-whcel by a holding pawl `E provided with a,`

shoulder c enga?? a lug e2- forined or secured upon paw ,'Fig. VI. A s ring e3 has one end secured to pawl E and t e other to awl E and tends to -maintain the norma jpsition of the two pawls, as shown in said ig. VI. Having one end pivoted to the pawl E..is a horizontal rod E. whose front -end extends into the path ofthe shank of a key disposed in the key-holding portion of the corresponding bar B, ashshown in Fig, I, in a manner such that said rod E2 will be enga ed and moved longitudinally by such key-s ank at the end portion ofthe operativel 4 stroke of the actuat bar. Such yl seen1 -disoldingfA -awl movement, it will be read' engages or knocks off the E from its engagementjwith the loc 'ing'm" pawl E and allows the locking-pawl to engage -thevnumber-wheel. In order to reactuated as described, to their normal )ositions," I provide a transversely locate( restoring-bar F, which is the rear member of a rectangular frame F ivoted tothemain .frame at ff, Figs. I an IV. The rear end of this frame is normally` kept elevated, so as to bear a ainst extensions@ the several locking-paw E, by means ,-of tension' springs a? a attached to the frame F at either side and to oints on the machine In said frame F', intermediately of its ends. and just in Afront ofthe calculating 'mechanisms as shown in Fi s. I and IV, is secured a transverse rod and hu upon a similar transverse rod a mounte in the side members' of machine frame A and above'rod j", is a series of toggles'fequal' in number to store such pawls E and E as may have been 'the number of reciprocatory actuainAg--bars 130 with ahoo I stantialiy alined, the stud b9 .being in the magies t a B, and locateduadjacent to the rackememspring a. It will be noted that the length of bers of. such bars. The lower members f the operating stroke of an actuating-bar is ot such toggles pivotally engage the rod f', dependent upon the key selected and proand the nl iper members are each'. supplied portional to the number thereon. That is,

t j* disposed to normally engage the bar may be pushed for a givendistance 7.0 a st ud t on rack-member Zi. When in this when, say, the key numbered 2 is selected, position thetoggle members are at an angle and when the ke'y numbered (i is selected iiiav to. eachother as shown in Fig. l. As the be pushed forward three times the previoiis actuating-bar is ushed forward, however, distance. rihe number wheels are there the toggle is straightened out andeiefit .in a fore` rotated through fractions of their com- 7 5 i position' in which its pivotal centers are subilete revolutions iiopi-)itioiiate to the numbers on the key selected, liet it be assumed mean' time released from hook j, Thev -that a key numbered 3 is selected upon ani to es are retained in the position just deone of the actuating-bars and the latter actu?.

scribed, which I sha1-l term 'their locking ated as described. liniiiediately upon the S0 pusition,l by means of springs a, whereby forward movement ofthe bar, the togglef2 is .they are drawn against a stop-rod a, caused to begin the downward movement of mounted. in the machine-frame so as. to lie the frame F by depressingthe-barf so as to parallel with rod a7. The straightening allow the holding-pawl E of the calculating out, accordingly,l of' any one of the toggles mechanism, lcorresponding to the actuating 85 depressies the' rear end of the frame ll', as bar selected, to be actuated as--will appear. shown inliig. Il, and therefore removes During the early )art ofthe stroke this frame bar F from contact with all of pawls will have reache the positionillustrated in 'lhe` latter are thus free to move into en- Fig. ll in which the rod F is held in the de- 25 gagei'neiit with their respective numberpressed position. Near the end of the stroke' 90 wheels when, at the end of the 'reciproca- 'I the depressed key shank encounters the tions of the actuating-bars, the holding knock off rod E2, actuates the same to dispawls are, as has been previously ldescribed, engage the holding-pand Efrom the locking knocked oif. pawl E; r[his action allows the spring e3 to In order to prevent* Vthe number-wheels throw the pawl E into engagement with the from moving beyond the proper point as a number-'wheel as shown in Fig. Hl, and lock iesult of their momentum, when actuated the saine a ainst further forward movement. by the mechanism of thev next .lower de l When the rey is released and the actuatingnominationduring the cari-ying movement., l baris thereupon retracted,the-stud'leiigages lspi'ovide, adjacent to eachcam-wheel D, thetogglefi,allowsspringsa"toraisethcframe 100 la rocker-arm G, which is irovided with a and in so rising the rod 'F lifts the rear end of pin gbearing a roller g a apted to be enpawl E and u lows the holding-pawl to regaged by the cams of such wheel.l),vthe y'engage and hold it out of engagement with pin itself 'extending laterally so as to be the numbenwheel. As previously explained,

40 capable of striking the holding-pawl E" of- .when the movement of one wheel-mechanism 105 the wheel .mechanism of the next higher is transmitted to the next forA the purpose of denomination, Fig. XII. A spring gz accarrying tens, the rocker-arm G ,is actuated tuates arm G to retain roller g in contact by the cam-wheel .D3 to release the corre'- with cam-wheel D2. As the cam-wheel is i spending lioldiiig-pawland allow the corre rotated to bring one-of the four cam-pori spendinglocking-paul to engage its numberiio tions (I7 into position against roller g, arm i wheel. Such pawls are, -of course, restored G is accordinglyv actuated outwardly vand i by the rod F in the saine manner as when thc iin g borne thereby knocks oii' the they have been released by the action of holding pawl E of the adjacent calculating rod El.. i 1

I i .A suitable top A is provided with. a -ii 5 mechanism. Each quarter revolution of the carri-wheel therefore eiTects the dissight al" through which a lino of numbers .may be read, as will be understod.

engagement -of the holding-pawl of the lt will be observed from the foregoing de@ mechanism of the next denomination and allows the correspond-ing locking-pawl to scription of the construction and operation engage and look its corresponding-nuiiiber of my improvedv calculating machine, that 120 Wheel. i such construction .is without complication- In the operation of my improved calculat 1 and that suoli operation is'easily effec-ted.

ing machine, the desired key on the actiiatiiasmuch, moreover, as `ac t'niraciT is of the ing-bar correspo img with the highest oider 1 highest importance, l would further call atn of the number .to be added, is se ected and. tention to the fact that in this machine the 125 depressed,and issimultaneousl pushed for- 1 locking movement is commenced before the ward toward therearof thenac ine until the 1 'endof the operative stroke of the actuating shank of such key strikes the stcpdiai a". means', or, to he definite, between the last The key. is then released and thsamctuating stage andthe one immediately preceding the bar is returned to its normal position by samcsin the movement of such actuating 1 30 Cri means. The number-Wheel is thus sure to stop at precisely the right point in the course et its rotation. I would also refer again to the form of the keys whereby they are adapted to be simultaneousl depressed and impelled forward by a singe movement of the linger.

Having thus described my invention in detail, that, which l particularly point out and distinctly claim, is1

1. In a calculating machine, the combination et calculating v-lieels provided with carrying mechanism; a reciprocatory bar for each wheel connected to rotate thesaine through an are proportionate to the amount of movement of said bar; a fixed stop adja cent to the path of movement of said bars: and a series of depre'ssible keys carried by each bar at diiiere'nt points along the same `in the direction of movement thereof7 and respectively adapted when depressed to engage said fixed sto;Y

2. in a calculating machine, the combination ofa series of calculating wheels provided with carrying mechanism; a corresponding series oi manuallyreciprocable bars adapted to operatively engage said calculating wheels durin one stroke; means normally' retaining said ars in a iixed position; a iixed stop adjacent to the path of movement of sain bars; and a series oi' de' pressible keys carried by each bar at different points along the same in the direction of movement thereof, and respectively adapted when depressed to engage said fixed stop.

3. in a calculating machine, the combination of a series of calculating Wheels provided with carrying mechanism; a corresponding series of reciprocable rack-bars adapted on their return stroke to operatively engage said calculating Wheels; retractile means normally retaining said bars in a fixed position; a fixed sto adjacent to the path ot movement oi sai( bars; and a series of depressible keys carried by each bar at dif- `ferent points along the same in the direcion oi' movement thereofl and 'respectively adapted to be manually encaged to impart a forward stroke to said ars and to be thereby depressed to engage said ifixed stop whereby such fernen` stroke is limited.

4. In a -ealculating machine the combination of a frame; a series of manually-'reciprooable rack-barsmounted. therein; a

' series of depressible keys carried by each of said bars at different points longitudinally thereof; a transverse stop-bar fixed in. said frame and adaited to enga e said keys when de )resse a series o calculating wheels a spied to be actuated by seid bars; ineens adapted to lock said wheels at the and of the reciprocations of said bars; and means, controlled by said bars, adapted to cisnes unlock said Wheels at the end oi the inanually-operated sti ire said bars.

5. ln a calculating machine, the combi-- nation of a series of calculating Wheels; a series. oi' locking-parvis adapted to engage and lock said Wheels; a movable frame provided With a transverse member adapted to actuate said parvis to disengage and release said Wheels; a series manualiy-operable actuating bars for rotating; said Wheels; and a series of holding-perils for rendering locking-parvis inoperative and arranged to be actuated by said to disenghge the loeking-paivls near the end o" manually-operated strokes, said movi frame and bars being connv ed ranged to allow the .traine to a 1 .the bars to engage and disengage ing-pawls.

6511i calculating machine, the combination of a Calculatirigr wheel; a inanualiyreciprocable actuating-bar therefor; a locking-pawl adapted to engage and lock said wheel; a movable frame adapted to actuate said pawl to disengnge said wheel; and a toggle having one ci its members mounted upon a fixed pivot, the other member being pivoted upon said trarne, said barJ being arranged to actuate said toggle to lock and unlock said trame so as to 'render the same spectively immovable and movable. Y

7. n a calculating machine the conibi nation of a calculating Wheel; a reciprocable actuating bar therefor adapted to be manu ally operated in one direction; means tendin? to operate said bar in the other direction; a ocking aWi adapted to engage and lock said Whee; a movable frame ada ted to actuate said. paw-i to disengage sai(L wheel; and a toggle having the outer end one of its members mounted upon a 'fixed pivot and the other endof its other member i pivoted upon said frame7 said bar engaging one of said members and being adapted to actuate the same to move said ira-nie and to thereupon assume a locked position.

8. ln a calculating machine, the conihi nation of a calculating wheel; a reciprocable actuating bar therefor adapted to ina-nually operated in one direction; means tendine; to operate said carin the other direction; a locking pawl adapted to engage and lock said whee; a movable frame ada ted to actuate said awl to disengage saidp wheel; `means normally retaininl said frame in position to thus actuate sai pawl; and a toggle having the outer end of' one or" its memoeis mounted upon a fixed pivot and the outer end of its other member pivoted upon said frame, said. bar engaging one of said members and being adapted to aetuate the same to `move said frame against said retainin means and to thereupon assume a locke position.

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9. In a calculatingvmechanis'm, the combination of "a calculating wheel; manuallyoperable actuating mechansim therefor -a locking-pawl adaptedto lock said Wheel ,gainst rotation in a Ireverse direction at allv times; a second locking-pavvll adapted to lock said'whe'el against rotation in a forward direction; 'm holding-pawl normally rendering said'Alast-named locking-pawl inoperaand means also controlled by said actuating yile means a mechanism, adapted to restore said lockingpawl to its ino eartive position. v

10. In a ca culating machine, the combination of a calculating wheel; a reciprocatory actuating bar therefor adapted to be manually ogerated in one direction; retractapted to operate said bar in the otherdirection; a locking-pawl ada ted at alltimes' to engage and lock sai `wheel against .reverse movement; a second locking-pawl adapted to lock saidWheel -a ainst rotation in a forward direction; a ho dingaWl normallyI rendering said last-named ocking-pawl inoperative; means adapted t be actuated by said reciprocatory bar atthe end of its manually o erated stroke to release said lockingaw from said holdingpawl; and a movab eframe adapted', on the retractin movement of said bar, to engage .said permltted to rengage said locking-pawls.

aw s whereby said holding-pawls are 11. In a calculating machine, the combination of tv vo adjacent'rotatable calculating .Wheel-mechanisms adapted to indicate two gagement' Withits wheel; a lever "wheuactuated to ,knock off the consecutive orders of numerals; means on the one wheel-mechanism adapted to periodically ven age and artially rotate the Wheel of the ot er; a loc g-pawl for each wheel; L, La holding-pawl for 'eachlocking-pawl and adapted'gto holdthe latter "out of engagement withits respective wheel; andmeans actuated by thewlieel mechanism of lower denomination for periodically disengagirrgi -the holding-pawl and holding`the .lock1ng pawl of the Wheel of higher denomination. 12.111 a calculating-machine, the combination of twol djacent rotatable calculating Wheel-mechani ms, each, including a ycalculating Wheel,A actuating gear;y ratchet and pawl; 'means lactuated periodically by the one Wheel for partially" rotating t e other, and including a cam-Wheel and arbor therefor, said cam-Wheel (provided with studs adapted to enga esa'i other Wheel; a lock- Wheel; a olding' awl for each lockingawl and adapted to oldA thelatter out o enadapted y 1101 l j pawl; of, the lockin -pawl ofsaid other whee said cam-Wheel a apted to periodically engage and actuate said leverand asprin for actuatin said locking and holdingaw 5.( Signe -by me this 20" day-offl 'ebruary A f JOHN C. MCLELAND.v Attested by# JNO. F. QBEELIN, G. W. SAYWELL.

4ing-pavvl foreac 'Wheeland spring tending .t .effect its engagement with its respective 

